```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Java异步编程指南</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/font-awesome/6.4.0/css/all.min.css">
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    <style>
        body {
            font-family: 'Noto Sans SC', Tahoma, Arial, Roboto, "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Droid Sans Fallback", "Hiragino Sans GB", Simsun, sans-serif;
            background-color: #f8fafc;
            color: #1e293b;
            line-height: 1.6;
        }
        h1, h2, h3, h4 {
            font-family: 'Noto Serif SC', serif;
            font-weight: 600;
            color: #0f172a;
        }
        .hero-gradient {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4f46e5 0%, #7c3aed 100%);
        }
        .code-block {
            background-color: #1e293b;
            color: #e2e8f0;
            border-radius: 0.5rem;
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        .code-header {
            background-color: #0f172a;
            padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: space-between;
        }
        .code-body {
            padding: 1rem;
            overflow-x: auto;
        }
        .method-card {
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            border-left: 4px solid transparent;
        }
        .method-card:hover {
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
            border-left-color: #4f46e5;
        }
        .hover-scale {
            transition: transform 0.3s ease;
        }
        .hover-scale:hover {
            transform: scale(1.02);
        }
        .drop-cap:first-letter {
            float: left;
            font-size: 3.5em;
            line-height: 0.8;
            margin: 0.1em 0.15em 0 0;
            color: #4f46e5;
            font-weight: 700;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <!-- Hero Section -->
    <section class="hero-gradient text-white py-20 px-4 md:px-0">
        <div class="container mx-auto max-w-5xl">
            <div class="flex flex-col md:flex-row items-center">
                <div class="md:w-1/2 mb-10 md:mb-0">
                    <h1 class="text-4xl md:text-5xl font-bold mb-6 leading-tight">Java异步编程的艺术</h1>
                    <p class="text-xl mb-8 opacity-90">探索现代Java应用中高效处理并发与异步任务的最佳实践</p>
                    <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-4">
                        <a href="#methods" class="bg-white text-indigo-600 px-6 py-3 rounded-lg font-medium hover:bg-indigo-50 transition duration-300">
                            <i class="fas fa-list-ul mr-2"></i> 方法概览
                        </a>
                        <a href="#completable-future" class="bg-indigo-700 text-white px-6 py-3 rounded-lg font-medium hover:bg-indigo-800 transition duration-300">
                            <i class="fas fa-bolt mr-2"></i> CompletableFuture
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="md:w-1/2">
                    <div class="bg-white/10 backdrop-blur-sm rounded-xl p-6 border border-white/20">
                        <div class="code-block">
                            <div class="code-header">
                                <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                                <div class="flex space-x-2">
                                    <div class="w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-red-500"></div>
                                    <div class="w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-yellow-500"></div>
                                    <div class="w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-green-500"></div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="code-body">
                                <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
    // 异步获取数据
    return fetchDataFromDB();
}).thenApply(data -> {
    // 处理数据
    return processData(data);
}).thenAccept(result -> {
    // 使用结果
    displayResult(result);
}).exceptionally(ex -> {
    // 处理异常
    logError(ex);
    return null;
});</code></pre>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </section>

    <!-- Introduction -->
    <section class="py-16 px-4 md:px-0">
        <div class="container mx-auto max-w-5xl">
            <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md overflow-hidden hover-scale">
                <div class="p-8">
                    <p class="drop-cap text-lg md:text-xl text-slate-700 mb-6">异步编程是现代应用程序中非常重要的一部分，尤其是在需要处理大量I/O操作、网络请求或计算密集型任务时。Java提供了多种方法来实现异步编程，其中<code class="bg-indigo-100 text-indigo-800 px-2 py-1 rounded">CompletableFuture</code>是Java 8引入的一种强大的工具。</p>
                    <p class="text-lg md:text-xl text-slate-700">本指南将详细介绍Java中各种异步编程方法，并深入探讨<code class="bg-indigo-100 text-indigo-800 px-2 py-1 rounded">CompletableFuture</code>的高级用法，帮助您构建更高效、响应更快的应用程序。</p>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </section>

    <!-- Async Methods Section -->
    <section id="methods" class="py-16 px-4 md:px-0 bg-slate-50">
        <div class="container mx-auto max-w-5xl">
            <h2 class="text-3xl font-bold mb-12 text-center">异步编程的方法</h2>
            
            <div class="grid md:grid-cols-2 gap-8">
                <!-- Method 1 -->
                <div class="method-card bg-white rounded-lg shadow-md p-6">
                    <div class="flex items-center mb-4">
                        <div class="bg-indigo-100 text-indigo-800 p-3 rounded-lg mr-4">
                            <i class="fas fa-code-branch text-xl"></i>
                        </div>
                        <h3 class="text-xl font-bold">线程（Thread）</h3>
                    </div>
                    <p class="text-slate-600 mb-4">通过创建新的线程来执行异步任务。这是一种最基础的异步编程方式，但需要手动管理线程的生命周期和同步问题。</p>
                    <div class="code-block rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                        <div class="code-header">
                            <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="code-body">
                            <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>new Thread(() -> {
    // 异步任务
    System.out.println("Task is running");
}).start();</code></pre>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>

                <!-- Method 2 -->
                <div class="method-card bg-white rounded-lg shadow-md p-6">
                    <div class="flex items-center mb-4">
                        <div class="bg-purple-100 text-purple-800 p-3 rounded-lg mr-4">
                            <i class="fas fa-tasks text-xl"></i>
                        </div>
                        <h3 class="text-xl font-bold">Runnable和ThreadPoolExecutor</h3>
                    </div>
                    <p class="text-slate-600 mb-4">使用Runnable接口定义异步任务，然后将任务提交到ThreadPoolExecutor或其他线程池实现。这种方式可以重用线程，避免频繁创建和销毁线程的开销。</p>
                    <div class="code-block rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                        <div class="code-header">
                            <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="code-body">
                            <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
executor.submit(() -> {
    // 异步任务
    System.out.println("Task is running");
});</code></pre>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>

                <!-- Method 3 -->
                <div class="method-card bg-white rounded-lg shadow-md p-6">
                    <div class="flex items-center mb-4">
                        <div class="bg-blue-100 text-blue-800 p-3 rounded-lg mr-4">
                            <i class="fas fa-clock text-xl"></i>
                        </div>
                        <h3 class="text-xl font-bold">Future和ExecutorService</h3>
                    </div>
                    <p class="text-slate-600 mb-4">使用Future接口和ExecutorService的submit()方法提交任务，并在未来某个时间点获取任务的结果。Future可以用于检查任务是否完成、取消任务和获取结果。</p>
                    <div class="code-block rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                        <div class="code-header">
                            <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="code-body">
                            <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
Future<Integer> future = executor.submit(() -> {
    // 异步任务
    return 123;
});
try {
    Integer result = future.get(); // 获取结果
    System.out.println("Result: " + result);
} catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}</code></pre>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>

                <!-- Method 4 -->
                <div class="method-card bg-white rounded-lg shadow-md p-6">
                    <div class="flex items-center mb-4">
                        <div class="bg-green-100 text-green-800 p-3 rounded-lg mr-4">
                            <i class="fas fa-bolt text-xl"></i>
                        </div>
                        <h3 class="text-xl font-bold">CompletableFuture</h3>
                    </div>
                    <p class="text-slate-600 mb-4">CompletableFuture是Java 8引入的异步编程类，提供了更加灵活和强大的异步编程能力。它支持链式调用、组合多个异步任务、异常处理等功能。</p>
                    <div class="flex justify-end">
                        <a href="#completable-future" class="text-indigo-600 font-medium inline-flex items-center">
                            了解更多 <i class="fas fa-arrow-right ml-2"></i>
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </div>

                <!-- Method 5 -->
                <div class="method-card bg-white rounded-lg shadow-md p-6">
                    <div class="flex items-center mb-4">
                        <div class="bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-800 p-3 rounded-lg mr-4">
                            <i class="fas fa-project-diagram text-xl"></i>
                        </div>
                        <h3 class="text-xl font-bold">Reactive Streams和Project Reactor/RxJava</h3>
                    </div>
                    <p class="text-slate-600 mb-4">这些库提供了响应式编程模型，支持异步数据流和事件驱动的编程方式。Project Reactor和RxJava提供了丰富的操作符来处理数据流和异步操作。</p>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </section>

    <!-- CompletableFuture Section -->
    <section id="completable-future" class="py-16 px-4 md:px-0">
        <div class="container mx-auto max-w-5xl">
            <div class="text-center mb-16">
                <h2 class="text-3xl font-bold mb-4">CompletableFuture类</h2>
                <p class="text-xl text-slate-600 max-w-3xl mx-auto">java.util.concurrent包中的一个类，提供了处理异步编程的高级功能，允许任务在完成后执行回调，并可以组合多个异步任务。</p>
            </div>

            <div class="grid md:grid-cols-2 gap-8 mb-16">
                <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md overflow-hidden hover-scale">
                    <div class="p-6">
                        <h3 class="text-2xl font-bold mb-4 flex items-center">
                            <i class="fas fa-plus-circle text-indigo-600 mr-3"></i> 创建CompletableFuture实例
                        </h3>
                        <div class="space-y-6">
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="font-semibold text-lg mb-2">创建一个完成的CompletableFuture</h4>
                                <div class="code-block rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                                    <div class="code-header">
                                        <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                                    </div>
                                    <div class="code-body">
                                        <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>CompletableFuture<String> completedFuture = 
    CompletableFuture.completedFuture("Done");</code></pre>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="font-semibold text-lg mb-2">创建一个未完成的CompletableFuture</h4>
                                <div class="code-block rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                                    <div class="code-header">
                                        <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                                    </div>
                                    <div class="code-body">
                                        <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>CompletableFuture<String> future = 
    new CompletableFuture<>();</code></pre>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>

                <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md overflow-hidden hover-scale">
                    <div class="p-6">
                        <h3 class="text-2xl font-bold mb-4 flex items-center">
                            <i class="fas fa-play-circle text-indigo-600 mr-3"></i> 异步任务的执行
                        </h3>
                        <div class="code-block rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                            <div class="code-header">
                                <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="code-body">
                                <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
    // 异步任务
    return "Result";
}).thenAccept(result -> {
    // 处理结果
    System.out.println("Result: " + result);
});</code></pre>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="grid md:grid-cols-2 gap-8 mb-16">
                <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md overflow-hidden hover-scale">
                    <div class="p-6">
                        <h3 class="text-2xl font-bold mb-4 flex items-center">
                            <i class="fas fa-link text-indigo-600 mr-3"></i> 组合多个异步任务
                        </h3>
                        <div class="space-y-6">
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="font-semibold text-lg mb-2">串联异步任务</h4>
                                <div class="code-block rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                                    <div class="code-header">
                                        <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                                    </div>
                                    <div class="code-body">
                                        <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
    return "Task 1";
}).thenApply(result -> {
    return result + " processed";
}).thenAccept(result -> {
    System.out.println(result);
});</code></pre>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="font-semibold text-lg mb-2">并行执行多个异步任务</h4>
                                <div class="code-block rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                                    <div class="code-header">
                                        <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                                    </div>
                                    <div class="code-body">
                                        <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>CompletableFuture<String> future1 = 
    CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> "Task 1");
CompletableFuture<String> future2 = 
    CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> "Task 2");

CompletableFuture<Void> combinedFuture = 
    CompletableFuture.allOf(future1, future2);
combinedFuture.thenRun(() -> {
    try {
        String result1 = future1.get();
        String result2 = future2.get();
        System.out.println(result1 + ", " + result2);
    } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
});</code></pre>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>

                <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md overflow-hidden hover-scale">
                    <div class="p-6">
                        <h3 class="text-2xl font-bold mb-4 flex items-center">
                            <i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle text-indigo-600 mr-3"></i> 异常处理
                        </h3>
                        <div class="code-block rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                            <div class="code-header">
                                <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="code-body">
                                <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
    if (true) throw new RuntimeException("Error");
    return "Success";
}).exceptionally(ex -> {
    // 处理异常
    System.out.println("Exception: " + ex.getMessage());
    return "Default";
}).thenAccept(result -> {
    System.out.println("Result: " + result);
});</code></pre>
                            </div>
                        </div>

                        <h3 class="text-2xl font-bold mt-8 mb-4 flex items-center">
                            <i class="fas fa-clock text-indigo-600 mr-3"></i> 延迟执行
                        </h3>
                        <div class="code-block rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                            <div class="code-header">
                                <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="code-body">
                                <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>CompletableFuture.delayedExecutor(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
    .execute(() -> {
        System.out.println("Executed after 1 second");
    });</code></pre>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md overflow-hidden hover-scale">
                <div class="p-6">
                    <h3 class="text-2xl font-bold mb-4 flex items-center">
                        <i class="fas fa-check-circle text-indigo-600 mr-3"></i> 手动完成Future
                    </h3>
                    <div class="code-block rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                        <div class="code-header">
                            <div class="text-sm font-mono text-gray-300">Java</div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="code-body">
                            <pre class="font-mono text-sm"><code>CompletableFuture<String> future = 
    new CompletableFuture<>();
future.complete("Completed");
System.out.println(future.get()); // 输出 "Completed"</code></pre>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </section>

    <!-- Visualization Section -->
    <section class="py-16 px-4 md:px-0 bg-slate-50">
        <div class="container mx-auto max-w-5xl">
            <h2 class="text-3xl font-bold mb-12 text-center">Java异步方法比较</h2>
            
            <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md p-6 hover-scale">
                <div id="mermaid-diagram" class="mermaid">
                    graph TD
                        A[线程 Thread] -->|基础方式| B[需要手动管理]
                        C[Runnable + Executor] -->|线程池| D[资源重用]
                        E[Future] -->|结果获取| F[阻塞等待]
                        G[CompletableFuture] -->|链式调用| H[非阻塞]
                        G -->|组合任务| I[灵活组合]
                        G -->|异常处理| J[优雅容错]
                        K[响应式编程] -->|数据流| L[事件驱动]
                        
                        style A fill:#E0E7FF,stroke:#4F46E5
                        style C fill:#EDE9FE,stroke:#8B5CF6
                        style E fill:#DBEAFE,stroke:#3B82F6
                        style G fill:#D1FAE5,stroke:#10B981
                        style K fill:#FEF3C7,stroke:#F59E0B
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </section>

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